docker 常用命令
帮助命令
docker version #版本信息
docker info #更加详细的系统信息
docker 命令 --help #万能命令
文档地址:官方命令文档
镜像命令
docker images #查看所有镜像
后面还可以接一些可选项
Name, shorthand | Default | Description |
---|---|---|
--all , -a | Show all images (default hides intermediate images) | |
--digests | Show digests | |
--filter , -f | Filter output based on conditions provided | |
--format | Pretty-print images using a Go template | |
--no-trunc | Don't truncate output | |
--quiet , -q | Only show image IDs |
例子:
PS C:\Users\13219> docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
# 解释
REPOSITORY 镜像仓库名
TAG 镜像标签
IMAGE ID 镜像的id
CREATED 镜像创建时间
SIZE 镜像大小
例子2:
只查看镜像id
docker images -q
镜像搜索
除了在网页上搜索,我们还可以使用命令搜索
docker search mysql #搜索MySQL
返回内容
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 12113 [OK]
mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou… 4639 [OK]
mysql/mysql-server Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create… 905 [OK]
phpmyadmin phpMyAdmin - A web interface for MySQL and M… 449 [OK]
筛选
更多的去看文档,这里举个例子
PS C:\Users\13219> docker search mysql --filter stars=3000 #筛选mysql镜像,stars要3000以上
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 12113 [OK]
mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou… 4639 [OK]
镜像下载
docker pull mysql
这个有点像git拉取,只不过镜像的名字就是git地址罢了。
默认情况下拉取的是最新版的,我们可以指定tag。这个后面再说
PS C:\Users\13219> docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest # 不指定tag默认就是latest
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
72a69066d2fe: Pull complete # 分层下载
93619dbc5b36: Pull complete
99da31dd6142: Pull complete
626033c43d70: Pull complete
37d5d7efb64e: Pull complete
ac563158d721: Pull complete
d2ba16033dad: Pull complete
688ba7d5c01a: Pull complete
00e060b6d11d: Pull complete
1c04857f594f: Pull complete
4d7cfa90e6ea: Pull complete
e0431212d27d: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:e9027fe4d91c0153429607251656806cc784e914937271037f7738bd5b8e7709
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest # 真实地址
其中真实地址是最终使用的下载地址,他和docker pull mysql
是等价的。
docker pull mysql
docker pull docker.io/library/mysql:latest
类似于一个是简写,一个是完整版
指定tag下载
下载5.7版本,注意这个tag一定要是镜像存在的tag。不清楚可以直接在网页上看,有对应的tag标签的。
docker pull mysql:5.7
PS C:\Users\13219> docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
72a69066d2fe: Already exists
93619dbc5b36: Already exists
99da31dd6142: Already exists
626033c43d70: Already exists
37d5d7efb64e: Already exists
ac563158d721: Already exists
d2ba16033dad: Already exists
0ceb82207cd7: Pull complete
37f2405cae96: Pull complete
e2482e017e53: Pull complete
70deed891d42: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:f2ad209efe9c67104167fc609cca6973c8422939491c9345270175a300419f94
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7
这里可以看到我们分层下载出现了Already exists
;它表示已经存在,不用再下载了,这个就是分层下载的高明之处,镜像相同的部分可以复用的,不用重新下载,这个可以参考linux系统的联合文件系统
删除镜像
删除指定id或者名称的镜像
docker rmi -f 镜像id或者名称
删除所有镜像和多个镜像
# 删除全部
docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq)
# 删除多个
docker rmi -f 镜像id 镜像id 镜像id 镜像id
docker images -aq
获取到所有镜像的id,通过$()
传入,这样就能删除所有的镜像了
rmi
rm就是linux中删除文件的命令,i就是表示image镜像。
docker在删除的时候,如果分层中有其他的内容被其他镜像使用,那么删除镜像时只会删除没有使用的部分。
例子:
PS C:\Users\13219> docker rmi -f 3218b38490ce
Untagged: mysql:latest
Untagged: mysql@sha256:e9027fe4d91c0153429607251656806cc784e914937271037f7738bd5b8e7709
Deleted: sha256:3218b38490cec8d31976a40b92e09d61377359eab878db49f025e5d464367f3b
Deleted: sha256:aa81ca46575069829fe1b3c654d9e8feb43b4373932159fe2cad1ac13524a2f5
Deleted: sha256:0558823b9fbe967ea6d7174999be3cc9250b3423036370dc1a6888168cbd224d
Deleted: sha256:a46013db1d31231a0e1bac7eeda5ad4786dea0b1773927b45f92ea352a6d7ff9
Deleted: sha256:af161a47bb22852e9e3caf39f1dcd590b64bb8fae54315f9c2e7dc35b025e4e3
Deleted: sha256:feff1495e6982a7e91edc59b96ea74fd80e03674d92c7ec8a502b417268822ff
容器的命令
先安装一个centos
docker pull centos
运行容器
如果命令不正确也有可能会产生一个错误的容器,但是我们可以进行删除。
run运行时一需要一个前台程序,否则大概率都是会运行失败了,会被视为没有需要的运行,自动结束
docker run [可选参数] image
# 参数说明
--name="Name" 容器的名字,用来区分容器
-d 后台运行的方式
-it 使用交互方式运行,进入容器查看内容
-p 指定容器端口 -P 8080:8080
-P ip:主机端口:容器端口
-P 主机端口:容器端口(常用)
-P 容器端口
容器端口,不写-P
-P 大写的P随机指定端口(将所有暴露的端口发布到随机端口)
测试一下
PS C:\Users\13219> docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@711a6da55831 /]# ls
bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
这里我们使用交互的方式运行centos,指定运行centos的bash
运行ls时可以查看到centos的文件列表
退出容器
上面-it
进入到bash后,就是centos的操作了,我们可以使用exit
退出
[root@711a6da55831 /]# exit
exit
PS C:\Users\13219> ls
目录: C:\Users\13219
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
d----- 2021/11/8 23:16 .config
d----- 2022/2/14 20:28 .docker
d----- 2021/11/13 15:52 .npm
d----- 2021/11/6 1:09 .Origin
d----- 2021/11/6 1:09 .QtWebEngineProcess
d----- 2022/2/13 20:49 .ssh
d----- 2021/11/6 0:02 .vscode
d----- 2021/11/6 0:30 ansel
d-r--- 2021/11/5 21:55 Contacts
d-r--- 2022/2/14 20:27 Desktop
d-r--- 2021/12/30 13:17 Documents
d-r--- 2022/2/14 2:23 Downloads
d-r--- 2021/11/5 21:55 Favorites
d----- 2021/11/5 23:23 Intel
d-r--- 2021/11/5 21:55 Links
d-r--- 2021/11/5 21:55 Music
dar--- 2022/2/14 20:28 OneDrive
d-r--- 2021/11/5 21:56 Pictures
d-r--- 2021/11/5 21:55 Saved Games
d-r--- 2021/11/5 22:09 Searches
d-r--- 2021/11/6 0:19 Videos
-a---- 2022/2/14 0:23 854 .bash_history
-a---- 2021/12/2 21:28 134 .gitconfig
-a---- 2022/1/16 19:27 11 .node_repl_history
-a---- 2021/11/7 21:38 43 .npmrc
-a---- 2021/11/13 15:50 23 .rediscli_history
-a---- 2021/12/2 21:27 60 .vuerc
-a---- 2022/2/14 2:39 166 .yarnrc
-a---- 2021/12/25 0:38 3381 id_rsa-remote-ssh
-a---- 2021/12/25 0:38 743 id_rsa-remote-ssh.pub
查看运行中的容器
docker ps
结果啥都没有
PS C:\Users\13219> docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
因为我们刚刚exit
退出交互式容器了,容器就被关闭了,我们可以增加-a
的方式查看历史运行
PS C:\Users\13219> docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
711a6da55831 centos "/bin/bash" 4 minutes ago Exited (0) 2 minutes ago intelligent_dijkstra
可选参数
# 空就是当前正在运行的容器
-a,-all # 列出当前正在运行的容器+历史运行过的容器
-q # 显示容器的id
-aq # 显示所有容器的id
-n=? # 显示最近几次创建的容器
退出容器
exit # 停止容器并退出
ctrl + P + Q # 退出但不停止容器
删除容器
docker rm 容器id # 删除单个容器,无法删除正在运行的容器,强制删除需要加上 -f
docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq) # 删除所有容器
docker ps -a -q|xargs docker rm # 管道符删除,linux方式,win用不了
例子1
删除一个没有运行的容器,比如已停止的容器,错误命令产生的容器
PS C:\Users\13219> docker rm 711a6da55831
711a6da55831
PS C:\Users\13219> docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
efbc0c853466 centos "/bin/bash" 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes inspiring_dewdney
b4e5a93a15ac centos "-it /bin/bash" 5 minutes ago Created inspiring_ardinghelli
例子2
删除一个正在运行的容器
PS C:\Users\13219> docker rm efbc0c853466
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container efbc0c85346657617227e678fe339977ccc504e683b88ed82e6ecf4d63ed436e. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
删除就会报错,如果需要强制删除就得加上-f
PS C:\Users\13219> docker rm -f efbc0c853466
efbc0c853466
启动和停止容器
docker start 容器id # 启动容器
docker restart 容器id # 重启容器
docker stop 容器id # 停止运行的容器
docker kill 容器id # 强制停止容器
其他命令
后台运行容器
前面讲到了-d
可以让容器后台运行,但是由于没有前台程序,我们往往会运行失败。
问题: 使用docker ps 查看,发现容器已经退出了!
_解释:_Docker容器后台运行,就必须有一个前台进程,容器运行的命令如果不是那些一直挂起的命令,就会自动退出。
比如,你运行了nginx服务,但是docker前台没有运行应用,这种情况下,容器启动后,会立即自杀,因为他觉得没有程序了,所以最好的情况是,将你的应用使用前台进程的方式运行启动。
所以一般我么可以配合-it
一起使用,就不会马上就运行结束了。
docker run -dit centos /bin/bash
查看日志
PS C:\Users\13219> docker logs --help
Usage: docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Fetch the logs of a container
Options:
--details Show extra details provided to logs
-f, --follow Follow log output
--since string Show logs since timestamp (e.g.
2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42
minutes)
-n, --tail string Number of lines to show from the end of the logs
(default "all")
-t, --timestamps Show timestamps
--until string Show logs before a timestamp (e.g.
2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42
minutes)
可以看到logs有三个快捷参数:-n -f -t
t表示显示时间戳,n表示输出最近几条日志,后面需要接数字,f表示持续跟踪,如果有新的日志就会输出
例子:
docker logs -f bf08b7f2cd89
或者
# 命令
docker logs -f -t --tail 容器id
# 例子:我们启动 centos,并编写一段脚本来测试玩玩!最后查看日志
[root@kuangshen ~]# docker run -d centos /bin/sh -c "while true;do echo
kuangshen;sleep 1;done"
[root@kuangshen ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE
c8530dbbe3b4 centos
# -t 显示时间戳
# -f 打印最新的日志
# --tail 数字 显示多少条!
[root@kuangshen ~]# docker logs -tf --tail 10 c8530dbbe3b4
2020-05-11T08:46:40.656901941Z kuangshen
2020-05-11T08:46:41.658765018Z kuangshen
2020-05-11T08:46:42.661015375Z kuangshen
2020-05-11T08:46:43.662865628Z kuangshen
2020-05-11T08:46:44.664571547Z kuangshen
2020-05-11T08:46:45.666718583Z kuangshen
2020-05-11T08:46:46.668556725Z kuangshen
2020-05-11T08:46:47.670424699Z kuangshen
2020-05-11T08:46:48.672324512Z kuangshen
2020-05-11T08:46:49.674092766Z kuangshen
默认情况下新的容器不一定有日志,所以可以手动增加然后查看
查看容器的进程
和linux的命令一样,使用top
docker top 容器id
例子:
PS C:\Users\13219> docker top 229417d3475a
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 2494 2469 0 14:48 ? 00:00:00 /bin/bash
查看镜像的元数据
很详细的镜像配置数据
docker inspect 镜像id
例子
PS C:\Users\13219> docker inspect 229417d3475a
[
{
"Id": "229417d3475aa3952e88871fedecee8ac373c7d7a41d1ab4793e28b83f3401b8", # 镜像id
"Created": "2022-02-15T14:48:32.253028312Z", # 镜像创建时间
"Path": "/bin/bash", # 镜像的bash控制台路径
"Args": [], # 启动镜像时使用的参数
"State": { # 镜像目前的状态
"Status": "running", # running启动
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 2494,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2022-02-15T14:48:32.442033643Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6", # 从哪个镜像创建的,镜像的sha256
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/229417d3475aa3952e88871fedecee8ac373c7d7a41d1ab4793e28b83f3401b8/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/229417d3475aa3952e88871fedecee8ac373c7d7a41d1ab4793e28b83f3401b8/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/229417d3475aa3952e88871fedecee8ac373c7d7a41d1ab4793e28b83f3401b8/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/229417d3475aa3952e88871fedecee8ac373c7d7a41d1ab4793e28b83f3401b8/229417d3475aa3952e88871fedecee8ac373c7d7a41d1ab4793e28b83f3401b8-json.log",
"Name": "/musing_vaughan",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"CgroupnsMode": "private",
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
24,
120
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": null,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5fcbf2e451c4923a47de2b2cd7ab118aedd3c136cb8f282960fededd95e6fbca-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0abb528f410cc108d3b0720c276f012b7678fffdeda4c966daec793901555655/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5fcbf2e451c4923a47de2b2cd7ab118aedd3c136cb8f282960fededd95e6fbca/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5fcbf2e451c4923a47de2b2cd7ab118aedd3c136cb8f282960fededd95e6fbca/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5fcbf2e451c4923a47de2b2cd7ab118aedd3c136cb8f282960fededd95e6fbca/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [], # 挂载的配置数据
"Config": { # 镜像基本配置
"Hostname": "229417d3475a", # 镜像名字
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"Tty": true,
"OpenStdin": true,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [ # 环境变量
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [ # cmd的命令
"/bin/bash"
],
"Image": "centos",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
"org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
"org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
"org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
"org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
}
},
"NetworkSettings": { # 网络配置信息
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "d72bb7596168a6dd47f667ef5be2c455e2750c02c74ce2e0912eda71208071e9",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/d72bb7596168",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "f3f1626eb5c8890d7d6149404c033f08ea527a5a5ed1ec64d63aa3df12e9e5c6",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"Networks": {
"bridge": { # bridge桥接模式
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "bdef423d6e958f6f1ee540f5c55fc607e94c557e0e2a726064aa27d9e647f2c9",
"EndpointID": "f3f1626eb5c8890d7d6149404c033f08ea527a5a5ed1ec64d63aa3df12e9e5c6",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
进入当前正在运行的容器
第一种方式
docker exec -it 容器id bash路径
例子
PS C:\Users\13219> docker exec -it 229417d3475a /bin/bash
[root@229417d3475a /]# ls
bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
第二种方式
docker attach 容器id
attach与exec的区别就是,exec是新建的一个bash进程,而attach进入的是正在使用的bash进程,并且不需要-it
从容器里拷贝文件到主机上
从主机复制文件到容器,我们一般通过挂载,而容器的内容往外,我们通过cp
命令
docker cp 容器id:容器内的文件路径 目标主机的路径
例子
在容器里创建一个文件,并复制到windows桌面上
PS C:\Users\13219> docker attach 229417d3475a # 进入容器
[root@229417d3475a /]# cd /home # 进入容器的home目录
[root@229417d3475a home]# touch test.js # 创建test.js文件
[root@229417d3475a home]# ls # 查看home目录下的文件列表
test.js
[root@229417d3475a home]# exit # 退出容器
exit
PS C:\Users\13219> docker cp 229417d3475a:/home/test.js C:\Users\13219\Desktop # 复制到主机桌面上
命令小节(快速查询)
attach Attach to a running container # 当前 shell 下
attach 连接指定运行镜像
build Build an image from a Dockerfile # 通过 Dockerfile 定
制镜像
commit Create a new image from a container changes # 提交当前容器为新的镜像
cp Copy files/folders from the containers filesystem to the host path
#从容器中拷贝指定文件或者目录到宿主机中
create Create a new container # 创建一个新的容器,同
run,但不启动容器
diff Inspect changes on a container's filesystem # 查看 docker 容器变化
events Get real time events from the server # 从 docker 服务获取容
器实时事件
exec Run a command in an existing container # 在已存在的容器上运行命
令
export Stream the contents of a container as a tar archive # 导出容器的内
容流作为一个 tar 归档文件[对应 import ]
history Show the history of an image # 展示一个镜像形成历史
images List images # 列出系统当前镜像
import Create a new filesystem image from the contents of a tarball # 从
tar包中的内容创建一个新的文件系统映像[对应export]
info Display system-wide information # 显示系统相关信息
inspect Return low-level information on a container # 查看容器详细信息
kill Kill a running container # kill 指定 docker 容
器
load Load an image from a tar archive # 从一个 tar 包中加载一
个镜像[对应 save]
login Register or Login to the docker registry server # 注册或者登陆一个
docker 源服务器
logout Log out from a Docker registry server # 从当前 Docker
registry 退出
logs Fetch the logs of a container # 输出当前容器日志信息
port Lookup the public-facing port which is NAT-ed to PRIVATE_PORT #
查看映射端口对应的容器内部源端口
pause Pause all processes within a container # 暂停容器
ps List containers # 列出容器列表
pull Pull an image or a repository from the docker registry server #
从docker镜像源服务器拉取指定镜像或者库镜像
push Push an image or a repository to the docker registry server #
推送指定镜像或者库镜像至docker源服务器
restart Restart a running container # 重启运行的容器
rm Remove one or more containers # 移除一个或者多个容器
rmi Remove one or more images # 移除一个或多个镜像[无容器使用该
镜像才可删除,否则需删除相关容器才可继续或 -f 强制删除]
run Run a command in a new container # 创建一个新的容器并运行
一个命令
save Save an image to a tar archive # 保存一个镜像为一个
tar 包[对应 load]
search Search for an image on the Docker Hub # 在 docker hub 中搜
索镜像
start Start a stopped containers # 启动容器
stop Stop a running containers # 停止容器
tag Tag an image into a repository # 给源中镜像打标签
top Lookup the running processes of a container # 查看容器中运行的进程信
息
unpause Unpause a paused container # 取消暂停容器
version Show the docker version information # 查看 docker 版本号
wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code # 截取容
器停止时的退出状态值
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